Via Starwars.com:

Mandalorians are more than just a rag-tag group of warriors and mercenaries, and The Clone Wars series opened the door to an even deeper history of this complex society. Let’s take a look at the Mandalorian factions that have been presented in both Legends and canon stories.

The origin of the Mandalorian factions can be traced back to the Jedi-led “Mandalorian Excision” (known by Mandalorians as the “Dral’Han”, or the Annihilation) of 738bby. The Mandalorians’ military and technological prowess had been on a sharp rise since Mandalore the Uniter had brought the society back from the brink of collapse in 1051bby. Following the Ruusaan Reformations in 1000bby, the Republic began to draw itself back together and re-institutionalized the Outer Rim Territories and once again opening up conflict with Mandalorian space. At the start, the Mandalorians were welcomed as a much needed source of stability. Taxing commerce along the Hydian Way and forcing both economic and defensive pacts on bordering sectors proved the Mandalorians were a threat to the Republic. A task force of Jedi-led judicial and sector patrol forces bombarded key planets in Mandalorian space including the capitol of Mandalore, turning parts of these planets into white-sand deserts.

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